Article Summary Effect Of Violent Video Games On Youth...

Article Summary: Effect of Violent Video Games on Youth Aggression Beth L. Lynch APUS October 8, 2014 Abstract For many years researchers, parents, and policy makers have been debating the effect of video game violence on levels of youth aggression. In effect, the arguments have been centered on whether or not exposure to violent media has the power to potentiate violence in children, and whether or not this social influence has the ability, barring all other factors, to engender violent behavior in an otherwise healthy child. Unfortunately, much of the research dedicated to this topic has resulted in mixed outcomes. Therefore, a general consensus on the relative influence of exposure to interactive media, in the form of violent video games, and its association with aggressive behavior has yet to be determined. For instance, Anderson, Sakamoto, Gentile et al. (2008) contend that increased levels of aggression associated with playing violent video games have not only been shown as causal in large segments of the population, they also contend that these correlations are irrefutable. Conve rsely, others have concluded that any associations made between video game violence and youth aggression are weak at best, and contend that any correlation between the two will only affect adolescents who may already be predisposed to violent behavior (Ferguson, 2011). Due to inconsistencies in the available research on violent video games and player aggression, andShow MoreRelatedThe Effects of Violent Video Games Essay1685 Words   |  7 Pages Since violent video games, like Mortal Kombat, were created, adolescents who play these games become more aggressive than before. To me, playing violent video games is unsafe for these people since they have the negative influence on these people. I believe that researching on that topic would help us get the sense of what problems to avoid. I wish to know what are the possible effects of violent video games on adolescents’ aggression. The independent variable is violent video games, and theRead MoreViolence Portrayed By The Me dia Essay1101 Words   |  5 PagesSummary of Literature An overview of the literature discusses the influence media portrays on adolescents. Some propose that the authors are projecting that the youth are negatively effected by the media. Others, however, believe that violence portrayed by the media does not have any real long-term effects on the well being on youths. The three articles selected consider their evidence for this controversial subject. According to Anderson, the discussion on whether or not media has a negativeRead MoreViolence of Video Games Essay1204 Words   |  5 Pageseither kill you, or become very harmful to your well being if you consume too much of it. We could certainly compare the â€Å"overconsumption† of video games with violence to the above with added danger. The fact that video games are addictive as can be seen by anyone with experience of playing or the people in our lives who fell under the spell of video games. Obviously, they get absorbed and obsessed over the virtual world and sometimes forge t their responsibilities and obligations. The virtual worldRead MoreThe Effects Of Video Games On Youth s Social And Communal Activities1231 Words   |  5 Pagesexperiment to examine the effect of video games on youth’s social and communal activities. The results showed that the youth that have ever played some social video games had more social and political capability than people who never played social video games. Among young gamers, 63% people have heard or seen â€Å"people becoming mean and more aggressive while playing violent games†, 49% people have heard or seen â€Å"people becoming hateful, racist and violent while playing violent games† and more people, 78%Read MoreProtecting Children from Television Violence Essays1405 Words   |  6 PagesSummary #1 Television violence, and media violence in general, has been a controversial topic for several years. The argument is whether young children are brainwashed into committing violent real-world crimes because of violent and pugnacious behavior exposed in mass media. In his article â€Å"No Real Evidence for TV Violence Causing Real Violence†, Jonathan Freedman, a professor of psychology at the University of Toronto and author of â€Å"Media Violence and Its Effect on Aggression: Assessing the ScientificRead MoreNegative Effects Of Violent Video Games1045 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction Violent video games in particular are extremely popular in the United States. Many of these games are designed for adults but wind up in the hands of children. We have to ask ourselves what impact violent video games have on the adolescent brain. Two lawyers debate in the Case of Brown vs. Entertainment Merchants Association, US Supreme Court (2010). Prosecutor Steven F. Gruel argues that there is a substantial amount of evidence to make the conclusion that violent video games cause adolescentsRead MoreAre Violent Video Games Are Harmful To Children And Adolescents?1729 Words   |  7 PagesTaking Sides: Violent Video Games There has been a long-standing debate that violent video games are harmful to the rising generations. The article that was selected to be critiqued is, â€Å"Are Violent Video Games Harmful to Children and Adolescents?†. The purpose of this paper is to analyze and critique the research methods and conclusions included by the author of the article. Summary Author, Steven F. Gruel, argues that there is an overwhelming amount of science and research that supports theRead MoreAnnotated Bibliography - 5905 Words   |  4 PagesRosalyn De Leon Annotated Bibliography Gentile, Douglas A. et al (2004). The effects of violent video game habits on adolescent hostility, aggressive behaviors, and school performance. Retrieved October 4, 2010, from pdfcast.org: http://pdfcast.org/pdf/the-effects-of-violent-video-game-habits-on-adolescent-hostility-aggressive-behaviors-and-school-performance Dr Douglas A. Gentile is a researcher who studies the effects of media on children and adults, may it be positive or negative. He has a MediaRead MoreViolent Video Games And Violence1203 Words   |  5 PagesAre violent video games directly correlated to teen violence? This is the burning question many researchers are dedicated to answering. The common form of the question is â€Å"Is the increase in violence in games creating killer kids?† The simple answer is no. Instead the opposite has occurred, as games became more violent, the players became calmer. The games create a â€Å"safe† outlet for any anger or angst that young people possess. Crime rates in the teen population have lowered and violent teens admitRead MoreThe Effects Of Computer Games On Society3332 Words   |  14 Pagesviolence in computer games has a direct link to violence in the society. It starts by looking into the definition of a violence and the type of violence that are common in our society t oday. The essay looks into the prevalence of and exposure to computer games in the modern society. It went further to investigate the impacts of computer games as an entertaining and recreational medium. In order to do justice to the aforementioned controversy between violence in computer games and violence in the society

The Working of the Multiplier - 5519 Words

The Multiplier and Keynesian Economics The concept of the multiplier process became important in the 1930s when John Maynard Keynes suggested it as a tool to help governments to achieve full employment. This macroeconomic â€Å"demand-management approach†, designed to help overcome a shortage of business capital investment, measured the amount of government spending needed to reach a level of national income that would prevent unemployment. The theory of multiplier occupies an important place in the modern theory of employment. The concept of multiplier was first developed by F.A. Kahn and was then refined by Keynes in 1930s. Keynes multiplier is also known as the â€Å"Investment or income multiplier† as he refers to the concept with increase in†¦show more content†¦Multipliers can also be used to make forecasts given changes in a sector. Business output multipliers measure the total change in sales resulting from a one-dollar increase in exports. Communities and counties that wish to use this methodology to determine impacts must invest in research that collects data in order to determine what the economic linkages are in a given economy. Several developed countries have developed Input /Output models, which develop these relationships and multipliers. As more Input /Output models are developed for the state, a more accurate relationship between sectors can be established and then multipliers on a regi onal basis can be developed. The theory of multiplier has been used to explain the cumulative upward and downward swings of the trade cycles that occur in a free enterprise capitalist economy. When investment in an economy rises, it has a multiple and cumulative effect on national income, output and employment. As a result, economy experiences a rapid upward movement. On the other hand , when due to some reasons, especially due to adverse change in the expectations of the business class, investment falls, the backward working of the multiplier causes a multiple and cumulative fall in income, output and employmentShow MoreRelatedTravel Agent . Stage 2 Tourism: Task 1 Nature Of Tourism1072 Words   |  5 Pages2017). The job of a travel agent fits into the travel trade sector. Interdependence All of these sectors have to come together for the tourism industry to be able to function smoothly, without one the others fall down. An example of the sectors working together is that accommodation would not work without transport because no-one could get to the accommodation. Without accommodation, visitor services is pointless because if there is nowhere to stay, the tourist will not be visiting the attractionsRead MoreAnswer-Chapter 3-Financial Management836 Words   |  4 PagesOutstanding= Receivables / Average Sales per day AR = 20 X $20000 = $400,000 3-2 Vigo vacations has an equity multiplier of 2.5.The company’s assets are financed assets with some combination of long-term debt and common equity. What is the company’s debt ratio? Answer: The equity multiplier is 2.5. This means that for every dollar of equity the company has $2.5 of assets Equity Multiplier = 2.5 Therefore Equity Ratio = 1/EM Equity Ratio = 1/2.5 = 0.40 the formula is: Debt Ratio + EquityRead MoreUsing Various Protocols That Accurately Reflect The Value Of A Firm1399 Words   |  6 Pagesof product or service. The calculation: starts with EBIT, subtracts out the (T) taxes (or adds in the tax credit on an operating loss) adds in the (D) depreciation, subtracts the (CAPEX) capital expenditures as well as the changes to (NWC) net working capital. This calculation gives you the free cash flow (FCF) for a given period in the future. Calculate the FCF for all the periods projected or at least until the FCF’s stabilize (if they do) and then calculate the terminal value of all future periodsRead MoreWeek 2 Fin515 Homework1102 Words   |  5 Pagesday = Receivables/( Annual sales/365) = 20 days x $20,000= $400,000 Solution: AR = $400,000 3-2 Debt Ratio Vigo Vacations has an equity multiplier of 2.5. The company’s assets are financed with some combination of long-term debt and common equity. What is the company’s debt ratio? Formula for Debt ratio = Debt Ratio + Equity Ratio = 1 Equity Multiplier = 2.5 Therefore Equity Ratio = 1/EM Equity Ratio = 1/2.4 = 0.40 MEMORIZE this formula: Debt Ratio + Equity Ratio = 1 There for Debt RatioRead MoreThe National Association Of Forensic Economics1339 Words   |  6 Pageslitigation is to achieve as nearly as possible full compensation for the Claimant in respect of the injury sustained In the UK, prior to 1999, economic damages in such litigation were typically assessed by individual judges using rule of thumb multipliers. There are three relevant types of tables, the Ogden Tables, named after Sir Michael Ogden, Victim’s Compensation Fund (VCF) and the Economic Loss Table (EL-E Table); these are the invested methodologies for estimating the compensation model. TheRead MoreStarbucks Ratios1283 Words   |  6 Pages= 55.39 times I. Return on Equity = Net income / (Total equity) * (Assets / Assets) = (Net income/Assets) * (Assets/Total equity) = Return on Assets * Equity Multiplier * (Sales / Sales) = (Net income/Sales) * (Sales/Assets) * Equity Multiplier = Net profit margin * Total assets turnover * Equity Multiplier = 10.65% * (11700.4/7360.4) * (7360.4/4387.3) = 10.65% * 1.59 * 1.68 = 28.45% Fiscal Year Ended | Oct 2, 2011 | Oct 3, 2010 | Sep 27, 2009 | Closing priceRead MoreGarners Platoon Mental Health Care Mini Case1072 Words   |  5 Pagessales to working capital ratio is nearly the same. In looking at the company there may be issues with whether management is making full use of its assets. Considering the total asset management ratio is slightly higher than industry average, it shows that it is using its assets correctly. The capital intensity ratio shows that the dollars of assets needed to produce sales for the company is below the industry average, and again shows that assets are being used well. The sales to working capitalRead MoreParametric Designs on Montgomery Modular Multiplier1221 Words   |  5 PagesHardware design are based on Montgomery Modular Multiplier design with variable pipeline stages and replication. In this paper we use a general form of algorithms consisting a loop with loop carried dependencies from one iteration to next iteration to map on parametric hardware design with pipelining and replica tion features. We have used an optimization process depend on this pipelined model, and this optimization process apply on to a Montgomery multiplier implementation on a Xilinx XC5VLX50T FPGARead MoreSmart Goals1174 Words   |  5 PagesSMART GOALS : A PERFORMANCE MULTIPLIER A White Paper by: Maj. Gen. BK Bhatia Abstract Accountability of employees is most vital to the growth of an organization. This paper illustrates, with the help of a Case Study, how Goal setting helps an organization to drive performance. Before the AGM- 2005 Board of Directors found it difficult to face the stake holders, more so the investors. The CEO felt that the company could have done better. Managers at all levels murmured that their subordinatesRead MoreCostco Wholesale Corporation Is A Company1156 Words   |  5 Pagesof the two companies’ revenues, net income, working capital and total assets. From the comparison, it is clear that COSTCO Wholesale Corporation business outlook is extremely bright as compared to that of BJ’s Wholesale club. Over the course of the BJ’s Wholesale club has had greater revenues than COSTCO Wholesale Corporation, however, BJ’s Wholesale Club’s liabilities and expenses are on the high side. This has resulted in their net income and working capital to portray the business as a low earning

Effective Business Communication Employee Job Performance

Question: Describe about the Effective Business Communication for Employee Job Performance. Answer: Topic The topic chosen for critically analysing the article is Explaining Employee Job Performance: The Role of Online and Offline Workplace Communication Networks. Every organization makes certain investment for building a virtual information and communication technology (ICT) for enhancing communication which affects employee performance. This research work focuses specifically on social networks for explaining job performance (Zhang Venkatesh, 2013). The variables explored in this paper are offline and online ties in relation with job performance. Social networks can be defined as a set of linkages which explains the interactional patterns among people (Merchant, 2012). Objectives The main objective of this study is to seek understanding of the effects or impact of technological the employee performance at work. The research study engages online and offline workplace communication networks for understanding the performance of employees. The researchers attempt to distinguish between online and offline communication networks at the workplace so that the interdependent and independent functions can be identified while affecting job performance. Further, the researchers also attempt to differentiate between direct and indirect ties in an online and offline technological environment while affecting access to important resources. Further, the research article aims to make theoretical contributions for affecting the impact of technology on job performance. Additionally, the research article aims to make contribution to organizational behaviour research where the relationship between social networks and job performance is clearly established. The thesis of this resea rch article is to differentiate between direct and indirect ties in an online and offline communication environment to explain the ways in which it enables or restricts workers access to significant resources (Zhang Venkatesh, 2013). Methodology The methodology adopted for conducting this research study is quantitative analysis. The study was conducted in a Fortune 500 telecommunication company in the United States (Zhang Venkatesh, 2013). The data was collected using primary method of data collection through quantitative method for measuring reliability and validity of the scales. The respondents involve software engineers, technical leads and business analysts. The population for this research study is 120 out of which the sample size was chosen as 104 people (Zhang Venkatesh, 2013). Questionnaires were distributed to the participants and data was collected from them during normal business hours. The participants were requested to submit their responses within a week after receiving the survey. Each day the participants were reminded to complete the survey. The organization allowed the workers to fill the survey within their working hours. Additionally, they were provided with an incentive of $50 for every completed surv ey for increasing the response rate (Zhang Venkatesh, 2013). The research model was tested using the hierarchical regression analysis. A pilot study was also conducted among the students with a population of 55 students and sample size of 52 students (Zhang Venkatesh, 2013). The data was collected from the students at the end of their semester before their exams where an incentive of $10 was offered for participation (Zhang Venkatesh, 2013). A pilot study was conducted where the students completed the survey in an hours time (Zhang Venkatesh, 2013). Argument The main argument of this research paper is that the employee network critically affects the access to significant resources which directly contributes to job performance. The research study argues that a workers network ties have a significant function in impacting the significant resources (Bloom et al., 2014). Also, these significant resources are a mechanism to positively contribute to efficient job performance. It is argued that online and offline networks significantly affect job performance of the employees (Kim Park, 2013). The researchers argue that the employees having large number of ties in the online and offline networks can obtain benefit as well as disadvantages from it (Andreeva Kianto, 2012). From the previous or existing literature, it has been found that the complementary resources have a certain effect on the job performance outcomes (Kim Noh, 2012). These resources result in enhancing the firm performance. Further, after analyzing the differences between onlin e and offline communication networks, it is argued that network ties in online and offline networks provide access to resources that are complementary to each other, such that missing benefits of one network can be obtained from the other network and the limitations or constraints of one network can be offset by the other network (Camisn Villar-Lpez, 2014). Implications The research article has both theoretical and practical implications. Going through the theoretical implications, the research study significantly adds to the Information System success. As the effect of technology on employees job performance is identified, the success rate of IS can be explored (Li, Veliyath, Tan, 2012). Further, the incorporation of the social network theory adds to the theoretical knowledge. Secondly, this research study helps in enhancing the understanding of ICT and its effects on job performance. This is of significant importance to both academic researchers and practitioners. Thirdly, the understanding of social network theory adds to the knowledge base. This research can be beneficial for the organizations as they can maximize the benefits of ICTs and enhance employee performance (Wong Dow, 2011). Not only the understanding, this research study encourages and motivates the employees at the organization to create more ties for expanding the benefits obtaine d by ICTs (Chang et al., 2012). The organizations can increase or enhance their job outcomes. The research study can be used by the managers to train or educate the workers so that they can reflect on their online and offline networks. The organizations can also achieve competitive advantage and reduce their overall cost. By illustrating the importance of online and offline communication media, a better understanding can be gained by the managers and employees to enhance organizational performance (Huijts, Molin, Steg, 2012). Findings The findings of this study state that the cause loadings were more than 0.70 and cross-loadings was less than 0.20 (Zhang Venkatesh, 2013). The above results indicate that the convergent and discriminant validity is supported. The online and offline communication networks with both direct and indirect ties have a significant correlation with the job performance. There was no multicollinearity identified (Zhang Venkatesh, 2013). The research study drew from social network theory was helpful in establishing the variables affecting job performance. It is found that the employees have higher trust, emotional closeness and social support with better communication networks. Alternatively, it is found that there is weak tie with infrequent and distant relationship among the employees if they have low communication networks. There was fast receipt of information as the distance between people was minimized. The benefit of knowledge spillover was enjoyed by the employees (Zhang Venkatesh, 2013). Strengths The main strength of this research study is that it theorizes employees ties in both online and offline communication network at the workplace. The research article has a strong introduction as it lists the variables considered in the study in details. A thorough background to the social network theory is provided which is the main component of the research. The authors examine different networks and ties for a better understanding on behaviours and interactional patterns. The author makes the research stronger by establishing a clear distinction between online and offline communication networks. A table is presented which lists the prior research establishing relationship between students academic or employees job performance. This table is a strong part of the research study as it summarizes the type of networks, categorization of online and offline networks, controls, major findings, direct or indirect ties. Moreover, an appendix is attached which mentions the questions asked in t he survey for analysing the online and offline communication network patterns. This research is beneficial for the organizations as well as employees so that they can maximize the benefits of ICT (Zhang Venkatesh, 2013). Weaknesses The research study has a few limitations which have been addressed as under. The importance of incorporating technology is well explored in the paper, but the different fragments of technology is not analysed in the paper. The research study only considers face to face communication technologies and does not analyse telephonic communication which is a significant mode of offline communication. However, it is further argued that telephone communication may also be considered as an online mode of communication. Hence, the research article lacks clarity on the categorization of telephonic communication. Another weakness of this research article is that the authors have only examined direct and indirect ties of network. The other structural properties have been ignored such as network constraints, barriers or holes that adversely affect performance. Another factor such as friendship network has also not been considered which also leaves a certain impact on the job performance. If the exp ertise level of the employees is not known, then the information may not be useful. The third weakness is that the research paper only considers communication frequency for collecting network data. The research study lacks in qualitative method of data collection so that the data can be explored in a descriptive manner (Zhang Venkatesh, 2013). References Andreeva, T. Kianto, A. (2012). Does knowledge management really matter? Linking knowledge management practices, competitiveness and economic performance.Journal Of Knowledge Management,16(4), 617-636. https://dx.doi.org/10.1108/13673271211246185 Bloom, N., Garicano, L., Sadun, R., Van Reenen, J. (2014). The Distinct Effects of Information Technology and Communication Technology on Firm Organization.Management Science,60(12), 2859-2885. https://dx.doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2014.2013 Camisn, C. Villar-Lpez, A. (2014). Organizational innovation as an enabler of technological innovation capabilities and firm performance.Journal Of Business Research,67(1), 2891-2902. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2012.06.004 Chang, Y., Chang, H., Chi, H., Chen, M., Deng, L. (2012). How do established firms improve radical innovation performance? The organizational capabilities view.Technovation,32(7-8), 441-451. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.technovation.2012.03.001 Huijts, N., Molin, E., Steg, L. (2012). Psychological factors influencing sustainable energy technology acceptance: A review-based comprehensive framework.Renewable And Sustainable Energy Reviews,16(1), 525-531. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2011.08.018 Kim, S. Noh, M. (2012). Determinants Influencing Consumers' Trust and Trust Performance of Social Commerce and Moderating Effect of Experience.Information Technology Journal,11(10), 1369-1380. https://dx.doi.org/10.3923/itj.2012.1369.1380 Kim, S. Park, H. (2013). Effects of various characteristics of social commerce (s-commerce) on consumers trust and trust performance.International Journal Of Information Management,33(2), 318-332. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2012.11.006 Li, W., Veliyath, R., Tan, J. (2012). Network Characteristics and Firm Performance: An Examination of the Relationships in the Context of a Cluster.Journal Of Small Business Management,51(1), 1-22. https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-627x.2012.00375.x Merchant, G. (2012). Unravelling the social network: theory and research.Learning, Media And Technology,37(1), 4-19. https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17439884.2011.567992 Wong, J. Dow, K. (2011). The Effects of Investments in Information Technology on Firm Performance.Journal Of Information Technology Research,4(3), 1-13. https://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jitr.2011070101 Zhang, X., Venkatesh, V. (2013). Explaining Employee Job Performance: The Role of Online and Offline Workplace Communication Networks.Mis Quarterly,37(3), 695-722.

Confidence Interval free essay sample

Radiation of microwave ovens has normal distribution with standard deviation ? =0. 6. A sample of 25 microwave ovens produced X = 0. 11. Determine a 95% confidence interval for the mean radiation. Solution : The population is normal, and the observed value X = 0. 11. (0. 11 ? 1. 96 ? 0. 6/v25, 0. 11 + 1. 96 ? 0. 6/v25) = (?. 1252, 3452) is a 95% confidence interval for ?. Q5. A manufacturer of pharmaceutical products analyzes a specimen from each batch of a product to verify the concentration of the active ingredient. The chemical analysis is not perfectly precise. Repeated measurements on the same specimen give slightly different results. The results of repeated measurements follow a normal distribution quite closely. The analysis procedure has no bias, so the mean ? of the population of all measurements is the true concentration in the specimen. The standard deviation of this distribution is known to be ? = . 0068 grams per liter. The laboratory analyzes each specimen three times and reports the mean result. Three analyses of one specimen give concentrations 0. 84030. 83630. 8447. We want a 99% confidence interval for the true concentration ?. We will write a custom essay sample on Confidence Interval or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The sample mean of the three readings is